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A. K. Chakravarti ¹, S. B. Chowdhury ¹, A. K. Chakraborty ², T. Chakrabarty ¹, D. C. Mukherjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pure Chemistry, University College of Science and Technology, Calcutta University, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Calcutta 700009, IN
2 Department of Mathematics, Nimta High School, Calcutta 700049, IN

Abstract

The multiple emulsion membrane process of separation, purification, etc. has been reviewed. The technique of membrane preparation, derivation and technical discussion of different mathematical formulae (asing Fick's first law of diffusion) in connection with the simple and carrier transport with or without chemical reactions, coupled co- and counter-transports and primary active transport have been described and related experimental studies referred to. The unsteady state behaviour of the emulsion droplets in regard to mass transport has been discussed. The hollow-sphcre, all holes filled-all holes empty, and reaction-site models suggested so far in view of harmonizing the experimental observations with the Fick's 2nd law have been mentioned. The recently proposed reaction-site model for high viscous emulsion droplets has been considered in some details. The potential applications of the liquid membrane multiple emulsion process in the technology of separation have also been discussed.

Keywords

Liquid Membrane, Multiple Emulsion, Separation Models, Applications.

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B. B. Bhowmik ¹, S. P. De ¹, D. C. Mukherjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Centre for Surface Science, Department of Chemistry Judavpur University, Calcutta 700032, IN

Abstract

The absorption spectra of merocyanine 540 (MC 540), an anionic dye are perturbed in aqueous solution containing cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants. The results show that MC 540 forms 1:1 electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) or charge-transfer (CT) complexes with all the nonionic surfactants. The thermodynamic properties of these complexes have been determined along with the spectral characteristics. There is an electrostatic interaction between the dye and CTAB, a cationic surfactant while the hydrophobic interaction of the dye with SDS, an anionic surfactant is observed.

Keywords

Merocyanine 540, Surfactants, Charge-Transfer, Thermodynamic Properties, CTAB, SDS.

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